However, patients on nimodipine performed better than placebo patients in lexical production p 0. Assessment was made for efficacy indicators, including neuropsychological tests scores sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale, folstein minimental state examination, mattis dementia rating scale, and clinical global impression and transcranial doppler ultrasound findings. Pdf agitation and aggression are 2 different syndromes. The sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag scale. Also, scales for assessment of advanced ad patients have been. Sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale listed as scags. In addition, rating scales such as the blessed dementia scale and the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag that have traditionally been used for the assessment of dementia have incorporated bpsd as elements of the condition. It also seemed useful to examine the scag for its relationship to the mental. The sandoz clinical assessment geriatrics scag scale, a general purpose psychogeriatric rating scale. Effects of treatment with sadenosyllmethionine as measured by the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag scale total score. Pdf effect of antiviral amantadine treatment on elderly. Fortyfour patients and 42 control subjects were interviewed and rated on the hamilton rating scale for depression and the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale. Efficacy and safety of nimodipine in subcortical vascular.
Efficacy and safety of ginkgo biloba standardized extract in. The case consists of a selfrating form form s and an otherrating form form r that can be completed by a knowledgeable caregiver. The patients were assessed every 2 mo independently by two nurses using the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag. Par case clinical assessment scales for the elderly. Also, the columbia suicide severity rating scale is becoming the gold standard for standardized suicide risk assessment. Assessment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of. Along with the english original, german and french translations of this scale have been widely used in clinical trials in. Harmatz, ab and carl salzman, md the psychopharmacology research laboratory, harvard medical school and the massachusetts mental health center, boston, massachusetts. The case consists of a selfrating form form s and an otherrating form form r that can be completed by a knowledgeable caregiver e.
Scag item 19 overall impression of patient from 3 mild to 6 moderately severe, but frequently 4 mild to moderate. Assessment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia volume 7 issue 11 ashok j. A new scale, the gbsscale, is constructed for rating dementia syndromes. Full text efficacy and safety of ginkgo biloba standardized. The beck hopelessness scale is a selfreport measure for adults age 17 to 80. Longterm nicergoline treatment of mild to moderate senile. The patients were assessed using a test battery at baseline and at 1, 2 and 3 months. Assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia.
Sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag richard 1. Efficacy of dihydroergocristine 20mg once daily in patients. The sandoz clinical assessmentgeriatric scag scale. A new scale for clinical assessment in geriatric populations. Metaanalysis of double blind randomized controlled clinical. Frequency and presentation of depressive symptoms in patients. Moelobemitle was an effective antgdepressant in elderly. Cct controlled clinical trial cdrs cornell dysthymia rating scale cgi clinical global impressions cgi s clinical global impressions severity scale cgi i clinical global impressions improvement scale ci confidence interval reported in the following format. Jul 01, 2012 for the 5 original studies, memantine dosage ranged from 10 to 30 mgday. Scags stands for sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale.
Patients on vinpocetine scored consistently better in all evaluations of the effectiveness of treatment including measurements on the clinical global impression cgi scale, the sandoz clinical assessment. Scags is defined as sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale. For example, the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag salzman, 1983. Another instrument, known as the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale, 42 allows the assessment of cognitive changes, as well as irritability, hostility, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Pamie, the nurses observation scale for in patient evaluation nosie, the stockton rating scale, the geriatric rating scale grs, and the sandoz clinical assessmentgeriatric scag. The main assessment methods employed were either clinical rating scales for example the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric and the crichton royal behavioural rating scale, mental status evaluation mental status check list. The test battery included the skt a brief test of cognitive function, memory and attention, the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale, choice reaction time, saccadic eye movements and eeg. These included 12 clinical test batteries to test the severity of the disease, such as adascog mohs and cohen, 1988, blessedimc test of information, memory and concentration, mmse folstein et al.
A new rating scale for dementia syndromes sciencedirect. Report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the american academy of neurology. Efficacy of dihydroergocristine 20mg once daily in. Moving from the question of efficacy to the question of. Efficacy and safety of ginkgo biloba standardized extract. These data were reexamined in order both to survey the extent of drugrelated improvement and response rates when assessed at different levels and to investigate the comparability of efficacy in subgroups suffering from either senile dementia of the alzheimer type or multiinfarct dementia. The importance of diagnostic differentiation between early senile deterioration and depressive disorders in the aged led to the development of sandoz clinical assessmentgeriatric scag as a new rating instrument especially applicable to the elderly. Abstract full text pdf the geriatric depression scale gds is a selfreport scale designed to be simple to administer and not to require the skills of a trained interviewer yesavage et al, 1983. There were no effects on formal neuropsychological assessment.
Vitamin e and selenium supplementation in geriatric patients. Sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale how is sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale abbreviated. Antagonicstress superiority versus meclofenoxate in. Article in german maurer w, ferner u, patin j, hamot hb. The geriatric assessment is a multidimensional, multidisciplinary assessment designed to evaluate an older persons functional ability, physical health, cognition and mental health, and. Vitamin e and selenium supplementation in geriatric. The sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag, the minimental state examination mmse, and hamd cognitive factor scores were used to assess cognitive and behavioural function.
While the groups were separable statistically, only a few items seemed useful. Replicated evidence on the construct validity of the scag table 1 sandoz clinical assessmentgeriatric scale patient identification date 1. A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia volume 140 issue 6 charles p. Large methodological heterogeneity was observed with respect to a the scales used for assessment of depressiveaffective symptoms gottfriedbranesteen scale affect, sandoz clinical assessment geriatric affect, neuropsychiatric. Exclusion criteria were severe uncontrolled systemic dis. Measurement of inappropriate behavior associated with dementia. Others have used behavioural rating scales salzman et al, 1972 in which the subject is observed and scored on several activities and abilities.
Efficacy and tolerability of antidepressants in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Each of the 30 questions has a yesno answer, with the scoring dependent on the answer given. Salzmana new scale for clinical assessment in geriatric populations. First developed by max hamilton 1960, it is one of the. During a 2nd crossover period, 18 months into treatment, responders still demonstrated behavioral improvement, as assessed with the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale, whereas there were no behavioral changes observed in nonresponders. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. P sandoz clinical assessment geriatric score cor related significantly with the nineitem cognitive sub scale r. Typically, mild frailty progressively impairs shopping and walking outside alone, meal preparation and housework. Introduction the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag, an 18 item rating scale, was designed to standardize evaluations of the most common clinical manifesta tions of geriatric dysfunction venn 1978. A new rating instrument, the alzheimers disease assessment scale. Nov 11, 2012 treatment efficacy on cognitive and behavioural performances was assessed by the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag and mini mental state examination mmse, at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment. The lack of a standardized method of administration.
The sandoz clinical assessment geriatric score cor related significantly with the nineitem cognitive sub scale r. Safety evaluations routine laboratory tests and measurements of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were performed before and at the end of the study period. It assesses an individuals negative expectations about the future. Alzheimers disease and 28 normal elderly subjects were rated on 40. The set test as an aid to the detection of dementia in old people. Nine of the patients demonstrated symptoms suggestive of mild, four of moderate, and five of severe depression. However, this scale has been less used in brazilian settings. Sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale how is sandoz. The use of ginkgo biloba in the treatment of dementia. Treatment efficacy on cognitive and behavioural performances was assessed by the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale scag and mini mental state examination mmse, at baseline and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of treatment. How is sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale abbreviated. The sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag scale, used as the efficacy variable, was administered on study entry and during 45 days and after 90 days treatment. The case is designed to assist the clinician in the diagnosis of dsmiv axis i clinical disorders in individuals from ages 55 to 90 years. Memory assessment in studies of cognitionenhancing drugs.
In response to a need for an easily used generalpurpose rating scale designed specifically for the evaluation of pharmacotherapy in senile dementia and related conditions, the sandoz clinical assessmentgeriatric scag scale was developed. The clinical dementia rating scale cdr is an instrument used in clinical and research settings to assess the severity of alzheimer disease ad. There were no serious side effects related to the treatment drug. Investigators and patients or caregivers provided a global evaluation of treatment outcome at study end. Memantine in the treatment of senile dementia of the. Sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag wiley online library. The measure includes 20 items to which participants respond with true or false. Page 4 1 geriatric oncology a comprehensive geriatric assessment cga is the most appropriate method to obtain a view on the general health status of an older individuals including social situation, functionality, falls, cognitive and mood changes. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Scags is defined as sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scale very rarely. Xls more info guidelines for managing alzheimers disease.
Three scales were used for the assessment of efficacy. The workshop was a full day, consisting of classroom time and practical work on the unit. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is a multidimensional interdisciplinary diagnostic process used to determine the medical, psychological, and functional capabilities of a frail elderly person to. To date only a few scales claimed to be valid and reliable exist that are designed to assess symptoms and signs of mental deterioration in the aging patient. The patients were assessed every 2 mo independently by two nurses using the sandoz clinical assessment geriatricscale scag. The importance of diagnostic differentiation between early senile deterioration and depressive disorders in the aged led to the development of sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag as a new rating instrument especially applicable to the elderly. Scale, the geriatric rating scale grs, and the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag. The validity of the scale was tested by comparing it with another geriatric rating scale. Replicated evidence on the construct validity of the scag. Mildly frail these people often have more evident slowing, and need help in high order iadls finances, transportation, heavy housework, medications.
Emerging recognition of bpsd the focus on bpsd began in earnest only in the 1980s. The hamilton depression rating scale hamd is a clinicianadministered rating scale to assess symptom severity in depressive disorders. Oct 17, 2012 the sandoz clinical assessment geriatric scag scale, used as the efficacy variable, was administered on study entry and during 45 days and after 90 days treatment. Aug 01, 2003 four geriatric nursing assessment workshops were held, and 24 rns attended. Alzheimer, behavior, brain performance, dopaminergic, memantine, senile dementia, treatment abbreviations. Baseline and final psychogeriatric symptomatology after three months of treatments were multiply assessed. Pdf a new rating scale for alzheimers disease am j. Using the clinical dementia rating scale what is the clinical dementia rating scale. For more information on alzheimer disease, see quick lesson about alzheimers disease. Paroxetine demonstrated comparable efficacy to fluoxetine in the treatment of elderly depressed patients, but at the end of treatment, there was a significantly.
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